January/February MOR: The Taming of the Shrew

For this MOR, I have teamed up with Olivia to read The Taming of the Shrew by the man himself, William Shakespeare! I’ve typically enjoyed the works of Shakespeare that I’ve previously read, so I’m excited to read this one. Interestingly enough, this play seems to be written as a play within a play. It begins by introducing a lord who wants to play a prank on a drunken guy, making him believe that he’s actually a lord himself and has been suffering from some kind of delusion or insanity for the last fifteen years. The lord even goes so far as to force a pageboy to dress up as a woman and act as the beggar’s wife. Part of this prank involves a theater group, who begins to perform for the “lord” and his “wife.” It seems like the play that they perform will be the actual story of The Taming of the Shrew. Why did Shakespeare decide to format this play the way he did? It reminds me a bit of Hamlet, where there is another occurrence of a play within a play, but in Hamlet it was much shorter and served a much clearer purpose. I’ll be interested to see if any of the characters, ideas, or themes explored in this brief introduction reappear later in the play—I hope they do, because otherwise this seems like an unnecessary few pages to have read. I’m wondering specifically if there could be anything about gender roles revealed here. From the little knowledge I have about this play, it seems like gender, especially the role of women and men’s responsibility to “tame” or control them, might be a major theme. Even in this introduction, we see Sly, believing himself to be a lord, demand that his wife come sleep with him, saying “Servants, leave me and her alone. Madam, undress you and come now to bed” (Induction.II.112-113). Only moments prior Sly had been denying his lordship, refusing to believe that he had been insane for a decade and a half. However, the second he learns that he has a wife who he has supposedly gone fifteen years without sleeping with, he no longer cares about his identity—he just wants sexual gratification. Do you think maybe this is introducing some theme or idea about marriage or gender roles? Or do you see any other possible purposes for Shakespeare starting this play the way he did? 

Comments

Liv Clark said…
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Liv Clark said…
Hello Halle, I's so excited to be your partner and unpack this play with you! Like you, I know little about to play we are reading but I also found it very interesting the way he started the play. I got the same feeling that it may be unnecessary to begin the story the way he did if he wasn't going to dive deeper into the significance of gender roles. However, another thing that was fascinating to me was the ability the lord had to be able to manipulate sly, the drunken man, so easily. This made me think of a theme along the lines of power and how if someone has the right amount of authority or a certain title they are able to play mean mind games and get away with it. Did the same thought cross your mind too?
Okay, so now getting out of the introduction I was slightly confused because none of the characters seemed to carry over from the introduction, but the "shrew" of the play was immediately introduced. In the beginning Katherine, the daughter of Baptisa Minola, is introduced and she is described as "too rough" (I.i.55). So, with the opening of the actual play like this it seems like Shakespeare did mean to write the introduction the way he did to only continue to paint the women in a bad light. Even Tanio, a manservant, had the guts to say "That wench is stark mad" (I.i.69) based off her actions he observed once. Shakespeare illustrates through Katherine, the shrew, that she lacks the behavior of an ideal wife so men still have the superiority trait as an advantage because they can do no wrong. Do you think Katherine will actually turn out to be a better person than it seems like in the first few lines? Do you think she will be tamed? Do you think the roll of the "shrew" will actually turn out to be someone else?
Halle said…
To answer your question at the end there, I really don’t know—I definitely think Katherine is the “shrew” (more on that later), but I don’t know if she’ll successfully be tamed. However, I’m only through Act I, so we’ll see what happens! About Katherine being the shrew: Shakespeare is being really heavy-handed on the characterization Katherine as a horrible person. I could pull quote after quote showing how the men in particular describe her horribly, but I don’t want to fill this whole post up with just quotes, haha. I do feel like this sums it up pretty well, though: Hortensio says to Petruchio, about Katherine, “But thou’rt too much my friend, / And I’ll not wish thee to her” (I.2.60-61). Essentially he’s saying, “dude, I would set you up with this girl but I care too much about you to do that to you.” Honestly, this just feels so high school to me! It’s so petty and dramatic for these grown men to be talking about Katherine behind her back like this, but it definitely serves to characterize her as someone the reader is not supposed to like or feel fondly towards. I’m interested to see what sort of meaning or message is revealed through the way women are spoken about and treated in this play. The most obvious example, of course, is the difference between Katherine and Bianca’s descriptions, but I want to explore another idea for a moment. Marriage in this play seems to be of little importance or meaning. Petruchio even says plainly to Hortensio,

“if thou know
One rich enough to be Petruchio’s wife,
As wealth is burden of my wooing dance,
Be she as foul as was Florentius’ love,
As old as Sybil and as curst and shrewd
As Socrates’ Xanthippe, or a worse,
She moves me not, or not removes at least
Affection’s edge in me, were she as rough
As are the swelling Adriatic seas.
I come to wive it wealthily in Padua;
If wealthily, then happily in Padua.” (1.2.63-73)

Basically, to Petruchio, marriage is all about the money involved, and he could not care less how horrible of a person he’ll be spending the rest of his life with. This seems to fit with the brief storyline introduced with Sly, in which he too seems to only care about one aspect of a marriage relationship (though for Sly it is the sexual gratification he seeks, rather than money). Can you see any sort of meaning or message being revealed in the way women, gender, and marriage are treated or discussed in this play? Or do you think it’s more of a commentary on the norms of the time?
Liv Clark said…
Wow!! I love how you connected the actions of the men talking behind Katherine's back to high school because it seriously is so true!!! Katherine may be a pain in the behind and may not be the kindest person, however you're right she does not deserve to be treated like that.
Now, to answer your question I think you hit it right on the money when you described Petruchio and Katherine's "relationship" and how is it only about the money. But, truthfully I think Shakespeare was just displaying through words their norms about marriage. So far there has been no part of this play that has made me think that marriage was about love between two people. You mentioned a piece of Petruchio and Hortensio's conversation and to build of this to help confirm our thoughts about how a "money" marriage was just the norm at the time here is a quote that follows between the two. Hortensio says to Petruchio,
"I can, Petruchio, help thee to a wife
With wealth enough, and young and beauteous,
Brought up as best becomes a gentlewoman" (I.ii.78-80).
Of course the first thing that was mentioned when listing the characteristics of a wife was wealth. Once again proving that nothing else matters to the men.
Okay, I covered that first question to the best of my ability but I also want to touch on you question about another meaning or message that may also be revealed later on in the play. Something occurred to me while I was reading and that is what if Shakespeare's goal of this play was to show that women will FOREVER be a pawn to men. I mean I may struggle a little bit with getting my point across but through Katherine and Bianca this is illustrated perfectly. Hortensio is so desperate to marry Bianca that he will do whatever it takes for Katherine to get wifed up. So I guess what I am trying to say that the women in this play and women STILL TODAY are constantly being manipulated and used to the advantage of the man so they get whatever they desire.
Liv Clark said…
Okay so my next question is do you think Katherine will actually get tricked into falling in love with Pertruchio and make a mistake by marrying Him? Or, do you think Pertruchio will accidentally fall into some real love with Katherine and display the first action of TRUE LOVE? ORRRR... do you think Pertruchio will be exposed for his true intentions and end up with nothing in the end, as well as Hortensio not ending up with Bianca?
Halle said…
Great connection to modern times! I think you could definitely be right about the whole “women will always be pawns” idea—as unfortunate as it is, that does seem to be the common pattern in most of Western history. I know I’m getting ahead of myself here (and going off-topic a bit, but I love connecting different AP books to each other!), but this reminds me a lot of what we talked about regarding Pride and Prejudice—for a long time, marriage has been seen as the only way to secure economic security! Although I definitely agree the men in this play have been disappointing so far when it comes to the way they treat women, it feels important to remember that throughout history, there have been plenty of women who also marry for money’s sake only. I guess it just makes me thankful to live in a time where it’s not only acceptable, but also expected, to marry for love instead of just money. Getting back on topic and answering your questions at the end there, I’ve read through Act 3, so I can’t really answer all of them based just on predictions, since I know some of the answers now. At this point, Katherine and Petruchio are indeed married, as shocking as that is. I don’t think either of them are actually truly in love with each other yet, but I feel like they might end up falling for each other. Unlike other men in Katherine’s life, Petruchio stands up to her and matches her cutting humor as they banter. Rather than asking her to marry him, he simply informs her that “you shall be my wife, your dowry ‘greed on, / And will you, nill you, I will marry you” (II.1.266-267). Interestingly enough, Katherine doesn’t end up refusing him, and they get married that Sunday, as Petruchio has decided. Why do you think Katherine agreed to marry Petruchio? I’m wondering if it’s because she realizes that she has, for once, met her match and found a man who will stand up to her. If this is her reasoning, it would fit with Shakespeare’s possible theme of women being easily manipulated for the advantage of men. Do you agree, or do you think there’s another reason Katherine might have agreed to marry him? As for my predictions, I think Petruchio probably will be exposed (because DRAMA!!), but since they’re already married I don’t think he’ll end up with nothing—he already got what he wanted, which was the money. I do agree, though, that Hortensio won’t end up with Bianca. She’s definitely fallen for Lucentio.
Liv Clark said…
Hello Halle!!! Long time no post Aha:) Im glad we can finally jump back into talking about Taming of the Shrew and dive deeper into the end of the book. In your last post you mentioned another AP read, Pride and Prejudice and talked the connection it made to the idea of marriage in both books and since then I have been able to finish Pride and Prejudice. I would have to say I 100% it was a huge social POWER MOVE to marry for money no matter your gender, but I like where you started to go with the thought that Katherine married Petruchio because she had met her match. However, as I kept reading it became clear to me that he had a different idea for their marriage and played her like a good set of cards. He becomes extremely possessive and makes the decision of his own that she is his possession and she cannot be anything else. He even goes as far as controlling how much she eats, drinks, sleeps, etc. She recognizes there is nothing she can do about her situation and after Petruchio orders her to say the "sun is really the moon" she goes as far as saying,
"Then God be blessed, it is the blessed sun,
But sun it is not when you say it is not,
And the moon changes even as your mind.
What you will have it named, even that it is,
And so it shall be still for Katherine." (IV.vi.19-23).
She forces herself to agree with him and give into his lies because of her current state that she is in. To me, that is the final tie from Shakespeare ultimately making it known that men are going to be superior in every situation no matter what it takes. He has almost fully tamed her and made her act exactly how he wants her to.
Now, to answer your question honestly I don't think it would be a work of Shakespeare without some crazy twist, so yes I think there could be some potential revelation or scandal with how Petruchio treats Katherine but I guess I will have to wait till the end. OOOO do you think Katherine is playing him and in the end she will twist it around and be playing him this whole time. Making him think that he has "tamed" her but in reality she is taming him?
Also, last thing I haven't been really as focused on the reatlionship between Hortensio and Bianca so I am kinda unable to answer your question about them but if I were the betting man, I feel like I could put some big bills on the fact that they won't end up together.
Liv Clark said…
What an ending!!! Halle, seriously the whole book my heart was hurting for Katherine and the relationship she was in with Percutio. I mean I knew that in that day an age money was a huge factor for marriage and that love was almost never in the picture, but quite honestly the ending Shakespeare threw at us was VERY unexpected!!! I feel like Shakespeare lived up to the hype again with the twist he gave in the end through Katherine but it was not at all what I was expecting.
Katherine talking to the audience says, 
“Thy husband is thy lord, thy life, thy keeper,
Thy head, thy sovereign, on that cares for thee,
And for thy maintenance commits his body
to painful labour both by sea and land,
to watch the night in storms, the day in cod,
Whilst thou lies warm at home, secure and safe (V.ii.140-147).
My first though when I read this was literally how could she even say that. She was completely being tamed and brainwashed by her husband who was supposed to “care” for her while “challenging” her, but it becomes very apparent that he is just manipulating her and using his powers as a man to make her his shrew. It is also made known to the reader that she truly believes that the women are supposed to respect and OBEY the man, like she isn't capable of doing anything on her own and quite honestly that infuriates me. I am disappointed in the ending only because i truly thought she was going to receive the justice she deserved.
She even goes on the state that women’s bodies are soft and that on the inside they should meet the mans desires. I don't know about you Halle but that honestly makes me sad that this type of relationship was the standard back then and I will say that over and over again. She also tells Bianca and the widow that, “My mind hath been as big as one of yours, My heart as great” implying that her old though process was of strength and her own, but towards the end of the book you can clearly see that her mindset has completely changed and she will defend her husband for whatever. She completely latches on to her shrew title with the way she acts which is sad.
Overall, I enjoyed reading this book with Halle and she made it really enjoyable to learn about and diver deeper into the meaning of the book:)))
Halle said…
Hey Liv! Coming at you one last time to wrap this bad boy up…not going to lie, I was so unsatisfied with the ending. I liked some of our theories way better (especially your guess that Katherine was going to switch everything up in the end and reveal that she had been “taming” Petruchio all along). However, although we obviously can’t be sure, I feel like this is probably the response Shakespeare hoped for. I don’t think this play is supposed to leave the audience feeling happy or satisfied, especially if, like us, they were rooting for Katherine all along. It’s especially rough to think about how this play’s messages about women and gender in marriage are still relevant today. This idea that women should, as you said, “meet the man’s desires,” is very much still around nowadays, and it infuriates me. In the play specifically, my anger sort of peaked around the very end, when the men decided to have a contest to see who had tamed their wife the best. Baptista says to Petruchio,

BAPTISTA: Now, in good sadness, son Petruchio,
I think thou hast the veriest shrew of all.
PETRUCHIO: Well, I say no. And therefore, for assurance,
Let’s each one send unto his wife;
And he whose wife is most obedient
To come at first when he doth send for her,
Shall win the wager which we will propose. (5.2.64-70)

It is abundantly clear here that these men do not view the women as human beings worthy of respect. To them, it is amusing and bewildering that Petruchio has managed to “tame” his wife, making her obedient, reinforcing this idea that women exist solely to prop men up and make them more successful, giving them an ego boost. While I wish that Katherine could have had a happier ending, Shakespeare definitely makes the themes of this play clear by reminding his audience that in the end, marriage was (at least in this time) never about love or happiness—it was about money, egos, and pride. Although I was ultimately disappointed in the way this play ended, I did enjoy digging into it with you, Olivia! Thanks :)
Mrs. Disher said…
Lovely discussion! There are some great deconstructionist theories about the ending--like that Katharine figures out the men's wager and is actually just helping her husband win money off the other guys, like a team. I love your predictions that the guys could have ended up with nothing or been "tamed" themselves, and knowing Shakespeare, it COULD have happened. Oh well. (I'm caught between being mad that Kate's been "tamed" and glad that she's a nicer person now. Sigh. You two would LOVE the movie "Kiss Me, Kate")